AdventOfCode/2024/day15.exs

#!/usr/bin/env elixir
defmodule Day15 do
  def part1({warehouse, robot, moves}) do
    attempt_moves(moves, robot, warehouse)
    |> Enum.filter(&match?({_, :box}, &1))
    |> Enum.map(fn {{x, y}, :box} -> x + y * 100 end)
    |> Enum.sum()
  end

  def attempt_moves([], _robot, warehouse), do: warehouse

  def attempt_moves([move | next_moves], robot, warehouse) do
    next = move.(robot)

    case Map.fetch(warehouse, next) do
      :error ->
        attempt_moves(next_moves, next, warehouse)

      {:ok, :wall} ->
        attempt_moves(next_moves, robot, warehouse)

      {:ok, :box} ->
        case get_pushable_boxes(next, move, warehouse) do
          :wall ->
            attempt_moves(next_moves, robot, warehouse)

          boxes ->
            warehouse =
              Enum.reduce(boxes, warehouse, fn box, warehouse ->
                warehouse |> Map.delete(box) |> Map.put(move.(box), :box)
              end)

            attempt_moves(next_moves, next, warehouse)
        end
    end
  end

  def get_pushable_boxes(box, move, warehouse, pushable_boxes \\ []) do
    next = move.(box)
    pushable_boxes = [box | pushable_boxes]

    case Map.fetch(warehouse, next) do
      :error -> pushable_boxes
      {:ok, :wall} -> :wall
      {:ok, :box} -> get_pushable_boxes(next, move, warehouse, pushable_boxes)
    end
  end

  def part2({warehouse, {x, y}, moves}) do
    bigger_warehouse =
      Enum.reduce(warehouse, %{}, fn {{x, y}, v}, bigger ->
        {left, right} =
          case v do
            :box -> {{:box, :left}, {:box, :right}}
            :wall -> {:wall, :wall}
          end

        bigger |> Map.put({x * 2, y}, left) |> Map.put({x * 2 + 1, y}, right)
      end)

    robot = {x * 2, y}

    attempt_moves2(moves, robot, bigger_warehouse)
    |> Enum.filter(&match?({_, {:box, :left}}, &1))
    |> Enum.map(fn {{x, y}, {:box, :left}} -> x + y * 100 end)
    |> Enum.sum()
  end

  def attempt_moves2([], _robot, warehouse), do: warehouse

  def attempt_moves2([move | next_moves], robot, warehouse) do
    next = move.(robot)

    case Map.fetch(warehouse, next) do
      :error ->
        attempt_moves2(next_moves, next, warehouse)

      {:ok, :wall} ->
        attempt_moves2(next_moves, robot, warehouse)

      {:ok, {:box, side}} ->
        case get_pushable_boxes2(next, side, move, warehouse) do
          :wall ->
            attempt_moves2(next_moves, robot, warehouse)

          boxes ->
            new_boxes = Map.new(boxes, fn {box, side} -> {move.(box), {:box, side}} end)

            warehouse =
              warehouse
              |> Map.drop(Enum.map(boxes, &elem(&1, 0)))
              |> Map.merge(new_boxes)

            attempt_moves2(next_moves, next, warehouse)
        end
    end
  end

  # need to account for 2-width boxes when pushing vertically
  #        @<--pushing down moves down all RHS of stack
  # [][][][]
  #  [][][]      @
  #   [][]       []<--make sure RHS moves too
  #    []
  #     @<- pushing up pushes all
  def get_pushable_boxes2(box, side, move, warehouse, pushable_boxes \\ []) do
    next = move.(box)
    pushable_boxes = [{box, side} | pushable_boxes]

    case abs(elem(next, 1) - elem(box, 1)) do
      # horizontal
      0 ->
        case Map.fetch(warehouse, next) do
          :error ->
            pushable_boxes

          {:ok, :wall} ->
            :wall

          {:ok, {:box, next_side}} ->
            get_pushable_boxes2(next, next_side, move, warehouse, pushable_boxes)
        end

      # vertical
      1 ->
        {x, y} = box

        {other_box, other_side} =
          case side do
            :left -> {{x + 1, y}, :right}
            :right -> {{x - 1, y}, :left}
          end

        other_next = move.(other_box)

        pushable_boxes = [{other_box, other_side} | pushable_boxes]

        side
        |> case do
          :left ->
            {{Map.fetch(warehouse, next), Map.fetch(warehouse, other_next)}, next, other_next}

          :right ->
            {{Map.fetch(warehouse, other_next), Map.fetch(warehouse, next)}, other_next, next}
        end
        |> case do
          {{:error, :error}, _, _} ->
            pushable_boxes

          {{{:ok, :wall}, _}, _, _} ->
            :wall

          {{_, {:ok, :wall}}, _, _} ->
            :wall

          {{{:ok, {:box, side}}, :error}, left, _right} ->
            get_pushable_boxes2(left, side, move, warehouse, pushable_boxes)

          {{:error, {:ok, {:box, side}}}, _left, right} ->
            get_pushable_boxes2(right, side, move, warehouse, pushable_boxes)

          {{{:ok, {:box, :left}}, {:ok, {:box, :right}}}, left, _} ->
            # if left-right, just one box, only need to check one side
            # []
            # []
            get_pushable_boxes2(left, :left, move, warehouse, pushable_boxes)

          {{{:ok, {:box, :right}}, {:ok, {:box, :left}}}, left, right} ->
            # if right-left, two boxes, so need to check both...
            # [][]
            #  []
            with left when left != :wall <- get_pushable_boxes2(left, :right, move, warehouse, []),
                 right when right != :wall <- get_pushable_boxes2(right, :left, move, warehouse, []) do
              pushable_boxes ++ left ++ right
            end
        end
    end
  end

  def input do
    with [input_filename] <- System.argv(),
         {:ok, input} <- File.read(input_filename) do
      [raw_map, raw_moves] = String.split(input, "\n\n")

      {_, _y, robot, map} =
        for <<char::binary-1 <- raw_map <> "\n">>, reduce: {0, 0, nil, %{}} do
          {x, y, robot, map} ->
            case char do
              "." -> {x + 1, y, robot, map}
              "#" -> {x + 1, y, robot, Map.put(map, {x, y}, :wall)}
              "O" -> {x + 1, y, robot, Map.put(map, {x, y}, :box)}
              "@" -> {x + 1, y, {x, y}, map}
              "\n" -> {0, y + 1, robot, map}
            end
        end

      moves =
        for <<char::binary-1 <- String.replace(raw_moves, "\n", "")>> do
          case char do
            "^" -> fn {x, y} -> {x, y - 1} end
            "v" -> fn {x, y} -> {x, y + 1} end
            "<" -> fn {x, y} -> {x - 1, y} end
            ">" -> fn {x, y} -> {x + 1, y} end
          end
        end

      {map, robot, moves}
    else
      _ -> :error
    end
  end

  #######################
  # HERE BE BOILERPLATE #
  #######################

  def run do
    case input() do
      :error -> print_usage()
      input -> run_parts_with_timer(input)
    end
  end

  defp run_parts_with_timer(input) do
    run_with_timer(1, fn -> part1(input) end)
    run_with_timer(2, fn -> part2(input) end)
  end

  defp run_with_timer(part, fun) do
    {time, result} = :timer.tc(fun)
    IO.puts("Part #{part} (completed in #{format_time(time)}):\n")
    IO.puts("#{inspect(result)}\n")
  end

  defp format_time(μsec) when μsec < 1_000, do: "#{μsec}μs"
  defp format_time(μsec) when μsec < 1_000_000, do: "#{μsec / 1000}ms"
  defp format_time(μsec), do: "#{μsec / 1_000_000}s"

  defp print_usage do
    IO.puts("Usage: elixir day15.exs input_filename")
  end
end

Day15.run()